Periodic and Aperoidic Variability in the Molecular Cloud \rho Ophiuchus

Abstract

Presented are the results of a near-IR photometric survey on 1678 stars in the direction of the \rho Ophiuchus (\rho Oph) star forming region using data from the 2MASS Calibration Database. For each target in this sample, up to 1584 individual J, H and K_s band photometric measurements with a cadence of ~1 day are obtained over 3 observing seasons spanning ~2.5 years; it is the most intensive survey of stars in this region to date. This survey identifies 101 variable stars with \Delta K_s band amplitudes from 0.044 to 2.31 mag and \Delta(J-K_s) color amplitudes ranging from 0.053 to 1.47 mag. Of the 72 young \rho Oph star cluster members included in this survey, 79% are variable; in addition, 22 variable stars are identified as candidate members. Based on the temporal behavior of the K_s time-series, the variability is distinguished as either periodic, long time-scale or irregular. This temporal behavior coupled with the behavior of stellar colors is used to assign a dominant variability mechanism. A new period-searching algorithm finds periodic signals in 32 variable stars with periods between 0.49 to 92 days.