Quantum Theory of Heat Magnetization
Abstract
We give the thermodynamic definition of the heat magnetization, and calculate with use of the Keldysh formalism in a curved spacetime. The heat magnetization is conjugate to a torsional magnetic field, which is analogous to the fact that the orbital magnetization is conjugate to a magnetic field. The formula is valid in insulators and metals at finite temperature even in disordered or interacting systems.
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