Instability of the extreme Kerr-Newman black-holes

Abstract

Using black-hole inequalities and the increase of the horizon's areas, we show that there are arbitrarily small electro-vacuum perturbations of the standard initial data of the extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black-hole that, (by contradiction), cannot decay in time into any extreme Kerr-Newman black-hole. This proves the expectation that the family of extreme Kerr-Newman black-holes is unstable. It remains of course to be seen whether the whole family of charged black-holes, including those extremes, is stable or not.