Green-Kubo formula for weakly coupled system with dynamical noise

Abstract

We study the Green-Kubo (GK) formula $\kappa (\varepsilon, \xi)$ for the heat conductivity of an infinite chain of $d$-dimensional finite systems (cells) coupled by a smooth nearest neighbour potential $\varepsilon V$. The uncoupled systems evolve according to Hamiltonian dynamics perturbed stochastically by an energy conserving noise of strength $\xi$. Noting that $\kappa (\varepsilon, \xi)$ exists and is finite whenever $\xi> 0$, we are interested in what happens when the strength of the noise $\xi \to 0$. For this, we start in this work by formally expanding $\kappa (\varepsilon, \xi)$ in a power series in $\varepsilon$, $\kappa (\varepsilon, \xi) = \varepsilon^2 \sum_{n\ge 2} \varepsilon^{n-2} \kappa_n (\xi)$ and investigating the (formal) equations satisfied by $\kappa_n (\xi$. We show in particular that $\kappa_2 (\xi)$ is well defined when no pinning potential is present, and coincides formally with the heat conductivity obtained in the weak coupling (van Hove) limit, where time is rescaled as $\varepsilon^{-2}t$, for the cases where the latter has been established \cite{LO, DL}. For one-dimensional systems, we investigate $\kappa_2 (\xi)$ as $\xi\to 0$ in three cases: the disordered harmonic chain, the rotor chain and a chain of strongly anharmonic oscillators. Moreover, we formally identify $\kappa_2 (\xi)$ with the conductivity obtained by having the chain between two reservoirs at temperature $T$ and $T+\delta T$, in the limit $\delta T\to 0$, $N \to \infty$, $\varepsilon \to 0$.