Magic labelings of distance at most 2

Abstract

For an arbitrary set of distances $D\subseteq \{0,1, \ldots, d\}$, a graph $G$ is said to be $D$-distance magic if there exists a bijection $f:V\rightarrow \{1,2, \ldots , v\}$ and a constant {\sf k} such that for any vertex $x$, $\sum_{y\in N_D(x)} f(y) ={\sf k}$, where $N_D(x) = \{y \in V| d(x,y) \in D\}$. In this paper we study some necessary or sufficient conditions for the existence of $D$-distance magic graphs, some of which are generalization of conditions for the existence of $\{1\}$-distance magic graphs. More specifically, we study $D$-distance magic labelings for cycles and $D$-distance magic graphs for $D\subseteq\{0,1,2\}$.