On Integer Additive Set-Indexers of Graphs

Abstract

A set-indexer of a graph $G$ is an injective set-valued function $f:V(G) \rightarrow2^{X}$ such that the function $f^{\oplus}:E(G)\rightarrow2^{X}-\{\emptyset\}$ defined by $f^{\oplus}(uv) = f(u){\oplus} f(v)$ for every $uv{\in} E(G)$ is also injective, where $2^{X}$ is the set of all subsets of $X$ and $\oplus$ is the symmetric difference of sets. An integer additive set-indexer is defined as an injective function $f:V(G)\rightarrow 2^{\mathbb{N}_0}$ such that the induced function $g_f:E(G) \rightarrow 2^{\mathbb{N}_0}$ defined by $g_f (uv) = f(u)+ f(v)$ is also injective. A graph $G$ which admits an IASI is called an IASI graph. An IASI $f$ is said to be a {\em weak IASI} if $|g_f(uv)|=max(|f(u)|,|f(v)|)$ and an IASI $f$ is said to be a {\em strong IASI} if $|g_f(uv)|=|f(u)| |f(v)|$ for all $u,v\in V(G)$. In this paper, we study about certain characteristics of inter additive set-indexers.