Signatures of spin-orbit coupling in scanning gate conductance images of electron flow from quantum point contacts

Abstract

Electron flow through a quantum point contact in presence of spin-orbit coupling is investigated theoretically in the context of the scanning gate microscopy (SGM) conductance mapping. Although in the absence of the floating gate the spin-orbit coupling does not significantly alter the conductance, we find that the angular dependence of the SGM images of the electron flow at the conductance plateaux is substantially altered as the spin-orbit interaction mixes the orbital modes that enter the quantum point contact. The radial interference fringes that are obtained in the SGM maps at conductance steps are essentially preserved by the spin-orbit interaction as backscattering by the tip preserves the electron spin although the effects of the mode mixing are visible.