Self-consistent theory of Bose-Einstein condensate with impurity at finite temperature

Abstract

We study the properties of Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)-impurity mixtures at finite temperature employing the Balian-V\'en\'eroni (BV) variational principle. The method leads to a set of coupled nonlinear equations of motion for the condensate and its normal and anomalous fluctuations on the one hand, and for the impurity on the other. We show that the obtained equations satisfy the energy and number conserving laws. Useful analytic expressions for the chemical potential and the radius of both condensate and anomalous components are derived in the framework of the Thomas-Fermi (TF) approximation in $d$-dimensional regime. Effects of the impurity on these quantities are discussed.