Energy-dependent existence of soliton in the synthesis of chemical elements

Abstract

Light chemical elements are, for instance, produced through ion collisions taking place in the core of stars, where fusion is particularly important to the synthesis of chemical elements. Meanwhile soliton provides non-interacting transparency leading to the hindrance of fusion cross section. In order to explain high fusion cross section actually observed in low incident energies, it is necessary to discover the suppression mechanism of soliton propagation. In this paper, based on a systematic three-dimensional time-dependent density functional calculation, the existence of soliton is examined for ion collisions with some incident energies, impact parameters, and nuclear force parameter sets. As a result solitons are suggested to exist highly depending on the energy. The suppression of soliton is consequently due to the spin-orbit force and the momentum-dependent components of the nuclear force.