Upper bounds on the quantum Fisher Information in the presence of general dephasing

Abstract

We derive upper bounds on the quantum Fisher information in interferometry with $N$ subsystems, e.g. two-level atoms or Gaussian modes, in the presence of arbitrarily correlated Gaussian dephasing including independent and collective dephasing. The derived upper bound enables us to analyse the Fisher information asymptotic behaviour when $N\rightarrow\infty$. Dephasing introduces random phases to subsystems dynamics, which lowers the precision of estimating the phase difference $\phi$ in an interferometer. The method presented uses Bayesian estimation of the random phases and eliminates dephasing noise by calculating their weighted arithmetic mean, which correponds to the phase $\phi$ estimated in interferometry.