Bulk induced phase transition in driven diffusive systems

Abstract

This Letter studies a weakly and asymmetrically coupled three-lane driven diffusive system. A non-monotonically changing density profile in the middle lane has been observed. When the extreme value of the density profile reaches $\rho=0.5$, a bulk induced phase transition occurs which exhibits a shock and a continuously and smoothly decreasing density profile which crosses $\rho=0.5$ upstream or downstream of the shock. The existence of double shocks has also been observed. A mean-field approach has been used to interpret the numerical results obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. The current minimization principle has excluded the occurrence of two or more bulk induced shocks in the general case of nonzero lane changing rates.