Anderson Localization at the Subwavelength Scale and Loss Compensation for Surface-Plasmon Polaritons in Disordered Arrays of Metallic Nanowires

Abstract

Using a random array of coupled metallic nanowires as a generic example of disordered plasmonic systems, we demonstrate that the structural disorder induces localization of light in these nanostructures at a deep-subwavelength scale. The ab initio analysis is based on solving the complete set of 3D Maxwell equations. We find that random variations of the radius of coupled plasmonic nanowires are sufficient to induce the Anderson localization (AL) of surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs), the size of these trapped modes being significantly smaller than the wavelength. Remarkably, the optical-gain coefficient, needed to compensate losses in the plasmonic components of the system, is much smaller than the loss coefficient of the metal, which is obviously beneficial for the realization of the AL in plasmonic nanostructures. The dynamics of excitation and propagation of the Anderson-localized SPPs are addressed too.