Diffraction induced Spin Pumping in Normal-Metal/Multiferroic-Helimagnet/Ferromagnet Heterostructures

Abstract

Generally the adiabatic quantum pumping phenomenon can be interpreted by the surface integral of the Berry curvature inside the cyclic loop. Spin angular momentum flow without charge current can be pumped out by magnetization precession in ferromagnet-based structures. When an electron is scattered by a helimagnet, spin-dependent diffraction occurs due to the spatial modulation of the spiral. In this work, we consider the charge and spin flow driven by magnetization precession in normal-metal/multiferroic-helimagnet/ferromagnet heterostructures. The pumping behavior is governed by the diffracted states. Gauge dependence in the pumped current was encountered, which does not occur in the static transport properties or pumping behaviors in other systems.