Remnants, Fuzzballs or Wormholes?
Abstract
The black hole information paradox has caused enormous confusion over four decades. But in recent years, the theorem of quantum strong-subaddditivity has sorted out the possible resolutions into three sharp categories: (A) No new physics at r lp; this necessarily implies remnants/information loss. A realization of remnants is given by a baby Universe attached near r 0. (B) Violation of the `no-hair' theorem by nontrivial effects at the horizon r M. This possibility is realized by fuzzballs in string theory, and gives unitary evaporation. (C) Having the vacuum at the horizon, but requiring that Hawking quanta at r M3 be somehow identified with degrees of freedom inside the black hole. A model for this `extreme nonlocality' is realized by conjecturing that wormholes connect the radiation quanta to the hole.