The nucleon and the two solar mass neutron star

Abstract

The existence of a star with such a large mass means that the equation of state is stiff enough to provide a high enough pressure up to a fairly large central densities,. Such a stiff equation of state is possible if the ground state has nucleons as its constituents. This further implies that a purely nucleon ground state may exist till about four times nuclear density which indicates that quarks in the nucleon are strongly bound and that the nucleon nucleon potential is strongly repulsive. We find this to be so in a chiral soliton model for the nucleon which has bound state quarks. We point out that this has important implications for the strong interaction $ \mu_B$ vs T phase diagram.