On mod 3 triple Milnor invariants and triple cubic residue symbols in the Eisenstein number field

Abstract

We introduce mod 3 triple Milnor invariants and triple cubic residue symbols for certain primes of the Eisenstein number field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})$, following the analogies between knots and primes. Our triple symbol generalizes both the cubic residue symbol and R\'{e}dei's triple symbol, and describes the decomposition law of a prime in a mod 3 Heisenberg extension of degree 27 over $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})$ with restricted ramification, which we construct concretely in the form similar to R\'{e}dei's dihedral extension over $\mathbb{Q}$. We also give a cohomological interpretation of our symbols by triple Massey products in Galois cohomology.