Spin gauge symmetry in the action principle for classical relativistic particles

Abstract

We suggest that the physically irrelevant choice of a representative worldline of a relativistic spinning particle should correspond to a gauge symmetry in an action approach. Using a canonical formalism in special relativity, we identify a (first-class) spin gauge constraint, which generates a shift of the worldline together with the corresponding transformation of the spin on phase space. An action principle is formulated for which a minimal coupling to fields is straightforward. The electromagnetic interaction of a monopole-dipole particle is constructed explicitly.