Completeness is Unnecessary for Fast Nonlinear Quantum Search

Abstract

Although strongly regular graphs and the hypercube are not complete, they are "sufficiently complete" such that a randomly walking quantum particle asymptotically searches on them in the same $\Theta(\sqrt{N})$ time as on the complete graph, the latter of which is precisely Grover's algorithm. We show that physically realistic nonlinearities of the form $f(|\psi|^2)\psi$ can speed up search on sufficiently complete graphs, depending on the nonlinearity and graph. Thus nonlinear (quantum) computation can retain its power even when a degree of noncompleteness is introduced.