Artificial Human Phantoms: Human proxy in testing microwave apparatus that have electromagnetic interaction with the human body

Abstract

In this manuscript, an effort is made in this review to address different state-of-the-art artificial tissue emulating (ATE) materials and phantom types for various operating frequencies, and fabrication procedures in order to have a better understanding of the pros and cons of various ATE phantoms which leads us to develop superior version of artificial human body substitute for various applications.