Attainability of Carnot Efficiency with Autonomous Engines
Abstract
The maximum efficiency of autonomous engines with finite chemical potential difference is investigated. We show that without a particular type of singularity autonomous engines cannot attain the Carnot efficiency. In addition, we demonstrate that a special autonomous engine with the singularity attains the Carnot efficiency even if it is macroscopic. Our results clearly illustrate that the singularity plays a crucial role for the maximum efficiency of autonomous engines.
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