The Exclusive Decay of Upsilon into $h_c$, the $X(3940)$ and $X(4160)$

Abstract

In this paper, we study double charmonia production in Upsilon peaks, especially, a S-wave charmonium $\eta_c$ and a P-wave charmonium $h_c(^1P_1)$, or a S-wave charmonium $J/\psi$ and the $X(3940)$ and $X(4160)$ within the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) approach which is a powerful tool to realize the factorization of double charmonia production in electron-positron annihilation. The $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ state $\Upsilon(nS)$ can provide an ideal laboratory for studying the properties of double-heavy quarkonium and also can separate the perturbative and nonperturbative parts due to the large heavy quark mass compared with the typical hadron scale $\Lambda_{QCD}$. Explanation of the $X(3940)$ and $X(4160)$ as the $3 ^1S_0$ and $4 ^1S_0$ states, respectively, are compatible with the observed upper limits for the branching fractions of $\Upsilon(1S,2S)\to J/\psi+X$, where $X=X(3940)$, $X(4160)$ by the Belle Collaboration. The branching fractions of $\Upsilon(1S,2S,3S)\to \eta_c+h_c(^1P_1)$ are predicted to be around $10^{-6}$, which shall be tested in Belle-II experiments.