ZN Berry phase and symmetry protected topological phases of SU(N) antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain
Abstract
The local ZN quantized Berry phase for the SU(N) antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin model is formulated. This quantity, which is a generalization of the local Z2 Berry phase for SU(2) symmetry, has a direct correspondence to the number of singlet pairs spanning on a particular bond, and is effective as a tool to characterize and classify the various symmetry protected topological phases of one-dimensional SU(N) spin systems. We extend the path-integral quantum Monte Carlo method for the Z2 Berry phase in order to calculate the ZN Berry phase numerically. We demonstrate our method by calculating the Z4 Berry phase for the bond-alternating SU(4) antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain, which is represented by the Young diagram of four columns.
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