Gr\"obner Bases: Connecting Linear Algebra with Homological and Homotopical Algebra

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to connect the theory of $Gr\"obner$ bases to concepts of homological algebra. $Gr\"obner$ bases, an important tool in algebraic system and in linear algebra help us to understand the structure of an algebra presented by its generators and relations by constructing a basis of its set of relations. In this paper we mainly deal with graded augmented algebras. Given a graded augmented algebra with its generators and relations, it is possible to construct a free resolution from its $Gr\"obner$ basis, known as Anick's resolution. Though rarely minimal, this resolution helps us to understand combinatorial properties of the algebra. The notion of a $K_2$ algebra was recently introduced by Cassidy and Shelton as a generalization of the notion of a Koszul algebra. We compute the Anick's resolution of $K_2$ algebra which shows several nice combinatorial properties. Later we compute some derived functors from Anick's resolution and outline how to construct $A_\infty$-algebra structure on $Ext$-algebra from a minimal graded projective resolution in which we can use Anick's resolution as a tool. Thus this paper provides an unique platform to connect concepts of linear algebra with homological algebra and homotopical algebra with the help of $Gr\"obner$ bases.