Surface and electronic structure of SmB$_6$ through Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Abstract

SmB$_6$, a so called Kondo insulator, is recently discussed as a candidate material for a strong topological insulator. We present detailed atomically resolved topographic information on the (001) surface from more than a dozen SmB$_6$ samples. Atomically flat, {\it in situ} cleaved surfaces often exhibit B- and Sm-terminated surfaces as well as reconstructed and non-reconstructed areas {\it coexisting} on different length scales. The terminations are unambiguously identified. In addition, electronic inhomogeneities are observed which likely result from the polar nature of the (001) surface and may indicate an inhomogeneous Sm valence at the surface of SmB$_6$. In addition, atomically resolved topographies on a (110) surface are discussed.