Solving of partial differential equations under minimal conditions

Abstract

It is proved that a differentiable with respect to each variable function $f:\mathbb R^2\to\mathbb R$ is a solution of the equation $ \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial u}{\partial y}=0$ if and only if there exists a function $\varphi:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$ such that $f(x,y)=\varphi(x-y)$. This gives a positive answer to a question of R.~Baire. Besides, we use this result to solving analogous partial differential equations in abstract spaces and partial differential equations of higher-order.