Crystal field parameters of the rare earth pyrochlores R2Ti2O7 (R = Tb, Dy, Ho)
Abstract
In this work we present inelastic neutron scattering experiments which probe the single ion ground states of the rare earth pyrochlores R2Ti2O7 (R = Tb, Dy, Ho). Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7 are dipolar spin ices, now often described as hosts of emergent magnetic monopole excitations; the low temperature state of Tb2Ti2O7 has features of both spin liquids and spin glasses, and strong magnetoelastic coupling. We measured the crystal field excitations of all three compounds and obtained a unified set of crystal field parameters. Additional measurements of a single crystal of Tb2Ti2O7 clarified the assignment of the crystal field levels in this material and also revealed a new example of a bound state between a crystal field level and an optical phonon mode.
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