Relativistic quantum mechanical spin-1 wave equation in 2+1 dimensional spacetime

Abstract

In this study, we introduce a relativistic quantum mechanical wave equation of the spin-1 particle as an excited state of the zitterbewegung and show that it is consistent with the 2+1 dimensional Proca theory. At the same time, we see that in the rest frame this equation has two eigenstates, particle and antiparticle states or negative and positive energy eigenstates, respectively, and satisfy $SO(2,1)$ spin algebra. As practical applications, we derive the exact solutions of the equation in the presence of a constant magnetic field and a curved spacetime. From these solutions, we find Noether charge by integrating the constructed spin-1 particle current on hyper surface and discuss pair production from the charge. And, we see that the discussion on \ the Noether charge is useful tool for undersdantding the pair production phenomenon because the charge is derived from a probabilistic particle current.