Energy-dependent correlations in the $S$-matrix of chaotic systems

Abstract

The $M$-dimensional unitary matrix $S(E)$, which describes scattering of waves, is a strongly fluctuating function of the energy for complex systems such as ballistic cavities, whose geometry induces chaotic ray dynamics. Its statistical behaviour can be expressed by means of correlation functions of the kind $\left \langle S_{ij}(E+\epsilon)S^\dag_{pq}(E-\epsilon)\right\rangle$, which have been much studied within the random matrix approach. In this work, we consider correlations involving an arbitrary number of matrix elements and express them as infinite series in $1/M$, whose coefficients are rational functions of $\epsilon$. From a mathematical point of view, this may be seen as a generalization of the Weingarten functions of circular ensembles.