Relations among pionic decays of spin-1 mesons from an SU(4)$\times$U(1) emergent symmetry in QCD

Abstract

Motivated by recent results by lattice analysis, we assume that the spin-1 mesons of $\left( \rho, \omega, a_1, \rho', \omega', b_1, f_1, h_1\right)$ make a representation of $\mathbf{16}$ of U(4) emergent symmetry in two-flavor QCD when the chiral symmetry is not broken. We study the decay properties of the spin-1 mesons by using a chiral model with an SU(4)$\times$U(1) hidden local symmetry. We first show that, since the SU(4) symmetry is spontaneously broken together with the chiral symmetry, each coupling of the interaction among one pion and two spin-1 mesons is proportional to the mass difference of the relevant spin-1 mesons similarly to the Goldberger-Treiman relation. In addition, some of one-pion couplings are related with each other by the SU(4) symmetry. We further show that there is a relation among the mass of $\rho'$ meson, the $\rho'\pi\pi$ coupling and the $\rho'$-photon mixing strength as well as the Kawarabayashi-Suzuki-Riazuddin-Fayyazuddin relation for the $\rho$ meson. From the relations, we give numerical predictions such as ratios of the spin-1 meson decay widths, which are compared with future experiments for testing the existence of the U(4) emergent symmetry.