Time-delay Induced Dimensional Crossover in Voter Model

Abstract

We investigate the ordering dynamics of the voter model with time-delayed interactions. The dynamical process in the $d$-dimensional lattice is shown to be equivalent to the first passage problem of a random walker in the $(d+1)$-dimensional strip of a finite width determined by the delay time. The equivalence reveals that the time delay leads to the dimensional crossover from the $(d+1)$-dimensional scaling behavior at short time to the $d$-dimensional scaling behavior in the long time. The scaling property in both regimes and the crossover time scale are obtained analytically, which are confirmed with the numerical simulation results.