Quantization of energy and weakly turbulent profiles of the solutions to some damped second order evolution equations

Abstract

We consider a second order equation with a linear "elastic" part and a nonlinear damping term depending on a power of the norm of the velocity. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions, after rescaling them suitably in order to take into account the decay rate and bound their energy away from zero.We find a rather unexpected dichotomy phenomenon. Solutions with finitely many Fouriercomponents are asymptotic to solutions of the linearized equationwithout damping, and exhibit some sort of equipartition of theenergy among the components. Solutions with infinitely manyFourier components tend to zero weakly but not strongly. We showalso that the limit of the energy of solutions depends only on thenumber of their Fourier components.The proof of our results is inspired by the analysis of asimplified model which we devise through an averaging procedure,and whose solutions exhibit the same asymptotic properties as thesolutions to the original equation.