Relativistic approach to nuclear spin-isospin excitations including quasiparticle-vibration coupling

Abstract

The spin-isospin response of stable and exotic nuclei is investigated in the framework of the proton-neutron relativistic quasiparticle time-blocking approximation (pn-RQTBA). Based on the Covariant Density Functional Theory, this method extends the proton-neutron Relativistic Quasiparticle Random-Phase Approximation (pn-RQRPA) by including the coupling between single quasiparticles and collective nuclear vibrations. In the charge-exchange channel, this coupling generates a time-dependent effective interaction between proton and neutron quasiparticles. The particle-hole component of this interaction adds to the static pion and rho-meson exchange, while the particle-particle component provides a microscopic and consistent proton-neutron pairing interaction. We find that such dynamical effects induce fragmentation and spreading of the Gamow-Teller transition strength which are important for a better agreement with the experimental measurements and for an accurate description of $\beta$-decay rates. The new developments include the coupling of single nucleons to isospin-flip vibrations in doubly-magic nuclei. We find that these phonons can have a non-negligible effect on $\beta$-decay half-lives and "quenching" of the strength.