On the regularity of edge ideal of graphs

Abstract

Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ vertices, $S=\mathbb{K}[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ be the polynomial ring in $n$ variables over a field $\mathbb{K}$ and $I(G)$ denote the edge ideal of $G$. For every collection $\mathcal{H}$ of connected graphs with $K_2\in \mathcal{H}$, we introduce the notions of $\ind-match_{\mathcal{H}}(G)$ and $\min-match_{\mathcal{H}}(G)$. It will be proved that the inequalities $\ind-match_{\{K_2, C_5\}}(G)\leq{\rm reg}(S/I(G))\leq\min-match_{\{K_2, C_5\}}(G)$ are true. Moreover, we show that if $G$ is a Cohen--Macaulay graph with girth at least five, then ${\rm reg}(S/I(G))=\ind-match_{\{K_2, C_5\}}(G)$. Furthermore, we prove that if $G$ is a paw--free and doubly Cohen--Macaulay graph, then ${\rm reg}(S/I(G))=\ind-match_{\{K_2, C_5\}}(G)$ if and only if every connected component of $G$ is either a complete graph or a $5$-cycle graph. Among other results, we show that for every doubly Cohen--Macaulay simplicial complex, the equality ${\rm reg}(\mathbb{K}[\Delta])={\rm dim}(\mathbb{K}[\Delta])$ holds.