One-dimensional Bose gas dynamics: breather relaxation

Abstract

One-dimensional Bose gases are a useful testing-ground for quantum dynamics in many-body theory. They allow experimental tests of many-body theory predictions in an exponentially complex quantum system. Here we calculate the dynamics of a higher-order soliton in the mesoscopic case of $N=10^3-10^4$ particles, giving predictions for quantum soliton breather relaxation. These quantum predictions use a truncated Wigner approximation, which is a $1/N$ expansion, in a regime where other exactly known predictions are recovered to high accuracy. Such dynamical calculations are testable in forthcoming BEC experiments.