Thermo-electromagnetic transport

Abstract

Maxwell's equations incorporating thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects are studied. Energy transport involving electric field only flows along the velocity direction and a direction perpendicular to it. Magnetic energy transport associated with magnetic field only is found to flow along the velocity direction and a direction normal to it. The temperature is transmitted like an electromagnetic wave traveling at the speed of light. Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic polarizations are induced in the medium that are directly proportional to the temperature. An electronic transport due to temperature variations only and without electric or magnetic field is found to be accessible. Electric and magnetic fields due to temperature gradient are shown to arise provided the photon is massive.