On monochromatic representation of sums of squares of primes

Abstract

When the sequences of squares of primes is coloured with $K$ colours, where $K \geq 1$ is an integer, let $s(K)$ be the smallest integer such that each sufficiently large integer can be written as a sum of no more than $s(K)$ squares of primes, all of the same colour. We show that $s(K) \ll K \exp\left(\frac{(3\log 2 + {\rm o}(1))\log K}{\log \log K}\right)$ for $K \geq 2$. This improves on $s(K) \ll_{\epsilon} K^{2 +\epsilon}$, which is the best available upper bound for $s(K)$.