Quantum effects of black holes and cosmological constant problem

Abstract

We propose a quantum gravity equation owing to the geometrical quantization of general relativity, namely the Schr\"{o}dinger-Einstein equation. Quantum effects of a Schwarzschild black hole are demonstrated by solving the quantum equation requiring a stationary phase; the consistent result is obtained using the Einstein-Brillouin-Keller (EBK) quantization condition. We solve the Schr\"{o}dinger--Einstein equation around the classical solution of the McVittie-Thakurta metric. This solution simultaneously describes a system with Schwarzschild's black holes and a scalar field. Moreover, we investigate a possible interplay between quantum black holes and a scalar field. The number density of black holes in the universe is obtained by applying statistical mechanics to a system consisting of black holes and a scalar field. A possible solution to the cosmological constant problem is proposed from a statistical perspective.