Grinberg-Kazhdan theorem and Newton groupoids

Abstract

We first prove the Grinberg-Kazhdan formal arc theorem without any assumptions on the characteristic. This part of the article is equivalent to arXiv:math-AG/0203263. Then we try to clarify the geometric ideas behind the proof by introducing the notion of Newton groupoid (which is related to Newton's method for finding roots). Newton groupoids are certain groupoids in the category of schemes associated to any generically etale morphism from a locally complete intersection to a smooth variety.