Cooperation between coherent control and noises in quantum metrology

Abstract

In this paper we study the cooperation between coherent control and noises in open spin systems, aiming to demonstrate that such cooperation can provide new possibilities for parametrization in quantum metrology. The cooperative scheme proposed here outperforms the standard scheme, with higher precision achieved. More specifically, we illustrate the effect of cooperative interaction between coherent control and noises in conventional single-spin systems described by Lindblad master equations, with the magnitude of a magnetic field taken as the parameter to be estimated and encoded in the noisy dynamics besides the Hamiltonian. The scenarios of both spontaneous emission and dephasing noise have been analyzed, where the associated quantum Fisher information has been given. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that in the realm where quantum metrology is mostly applied in practice, the precision limit under the cooperative scheme in the presence of noises can surpass the ultimate precision limit under the unitary dynamics. On the other hand, multiple-spin systems have also been considered. We show that the coupling between different spins can help realize non-local parametrization under the cooperative scheme, with the ground state made entangled. This thus leads to the improvement of precision limit, which has been proved and visualized in our paper.