Graphical Models for Non-Negative Data Using Generalized Score Matching

Abstract

A common challenge in estimating parameters of probability density functions is the intractability of the normalizing constant. While in such cases maximum likelihood estimation may be implemented using numerical integration, the approach becomes computationally intensive. In contrast, the score matching method of Hyv\"arinen (2005) avoids direct calculation of the normalizing constant and yields closed-form estimates for exponential families of continuous distributions over $\mathbb{R}^m$. Hyv\"arinen (2007) extended the approach to distributions supported on the non-negative orthant $\mathbb{R}_+^m$. In this paper, we give a generalized form of score matching for non-negative data that improves estimation efficiency. We also generalize the regularized score matching method of Lin et al. (2016) for non-negative Gaussian graphical models, with improved theoretical guarantees.