$L^2\times L^2 \to L^1$ boundedness criteria

Abstract

We obtain a sharp $L^2\times L^2 \to L^1$ boundedness criterion for a class of bilinear operators associated with a multiplier given by a signed sum of dyadic dilations of a given function, in terms of the $L^q$ integrability of this function; precisely we show that boundedness holds if and only if $q<4$. We discuss applications of this result concerning bilinear rough singular integrals and bilinear dyadic spherical maximal functions. Our second result is an optimal $L^2\times L^2\to L^1$ boundedness criterion for bilinear operators associated with multipliers with $L^\infty$ derivatives. This result provides the main tool in the proof of the first theorem and is also manifested in terms of the $L^q$ integrability of the multiplier. The optimal range is $q<4$ which, in the absence of Plancherel's identity on $L^1$, should be compared to $q=\infty$ in the classical $L^2\to L^2$ boundedness for linear multiplier operators.