Calculation of multidimensional potential energy surfaces for even-even transuranium nuclei: Systematic investigation of the triaxiality effect on fission barrier

Abstract

Static fission barriers for 95 even-even transuranium nuclei with charge number $Z=94-118$ have been systematically investigated by means of pairing self-consistent Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky calculations using the potential energy surface approach in multidimensional ($\beta_2$, $\gamma$, $\beta_4$) deformation space. Taking the heavier $^{252}$Cf nucleus (with the available fission barrier from experiment) as an example, the formation of the fission barrier and the influence of macroscopic, shell and pairing correction energies on it are analyzed. The results of the present calculated $\beta_2$ values and barrier heights are compared with previous calculations and available experiments. The role of triaxiality in the region of the first saddle is discussed. It is found that the second fission barrier is also considerably affected by the triaxial deformation degree of freedom in some nuclei (e.g., the $Z=112-118$ isotopes). Based on the potential energy curves, general trends of the evolution of the fission barrier heights and widths as a function of the nucleon numbers are investigated. In addition, the effects of Woods-Saxon potential parameter modifications (e.g., the strength of the spin-orbit coupling and the nuclear surface diffuseness) on the fission barrier are briefly discussed.