Preliminary experiments demonstrating a "directed" Maxwell's granular demon

Abstract

In this paper, we design a system of two symmetrical containers communicated by an aperture, in which a granular gas of glass spheres is created by shaking laterally the whole system in a planetary mill. If the aperture consists in a symmetrical hole, the two halves end up with the same number of grains after some time when initially all particles are into in one of the containers. However, when a funnel-like aperture is used, a robust symmetry breaking is induced: if all the grains are originally deposited in the container facing the wide side 95% of the grains pass to the opposite side in a relatively small time.