Modulation of thermal conductivity in single-walled carbon nanotubes by fullerene encapsulation: enhancement or reduction?

Abstract

Fullerence encapsulation has been proven to be a powerful approach to enhance mechanical and electronic properties of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). However, some discrepancies emerge in recent studies of the fullerence encapsulation effect on the thermal conductivity of SWCNTs. More specifically, most previous theoretical works predicted slightly enhancement of the thermal conductivity, but the recent experiment by Kodama et al. (Nat. Mat. 16, 892 (2017)) observed clear reduction of the thermal conductivity in SWCNTs by fullerence encapsulation. We perform molecular dynamics simulations to revisit this issue, by comparatively investigate the thermal conductivity of the SWCNT (n, n) and the corresponding peapod (n, n) with n = 8, 9, 10, and 11. We find that the fullerence encapsulation can reduce the thermal conductivity of narrower SWCNTs with n = 8 and 9, but it can slightly enhance the thermal conductivity of thicker SWCNTs with n = 10 and 11. The underlying mechanisms for these opposite effects are explored by analyzing the encapsulation induced structural deformation and the variation of the phonon dispersion of the SWCNT. We illustrate that the reduction effect observed in the recent experiment is related to the mechanism for reduction of the thermal conductivity for narrower SWCNTs here, while previous numerical works correspond to the enhancement effect for thicker SWCNTs found in the present work. Our findings shed lights on clarifying the discrepancy between previous numerical predictions and experimental observations on the effect of the fullerence encapsulation on the thermal conductivity of the SWCNT.