The impact of the electric field on superconductivity in the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory

Abstract

In this letter, we address the impact of the electric field on superconductors which are insulators in the normal state, superconducting semiconductors at low carrier concentration and ultracold gas of fermions in the strongly interacting regime. The electric field penetrates these systems and affects on the Cooper pairs. We show that if there are Cooper pairs above the superconductor critical temperature the electric field forces the Cooper pairs to Bose condensate and the onset of the superconductivity, thereby increasing the critical temperature. To study this phenomenon we numerically solve the Maxwell equations for s-wave superconductors obtained from the time-dependent Ginsburg-Landau theory. Our investigation paves a new experimental way for verification of the pairing of fermions preceding superconductivity and superfluidity.