Earthquake-Like Avalanches in Compression of Ductile Porous Materials

Abstract

Earthquakes are complex phenomena characterized by some fundamental seismic laws. However, under the framework of brittle fracture in disordered material, these universal scaling behaviors, especially for critical exponents, are still far from understood. In this Letter, we study avalanches in compression of a nonbrittle material, the ductile metallic glass foam. In addition to elasticity and disorder, more complex inelastic effects can be also introduced by strain localization in cellular structures. We show that different from brittle fracture, the additional shear-banding interactions result in novel avalanche dynamics which successfully reproduce the most fundamental seismic laws, including the Gutenberg-Richter law, the unified scaling law for the waiting times, Omori law, and the productivity law. Our results thus demonstrate that the local plastic slip, that also occurs in natural seismicity (such as strain localization in fault gouges), constitutes a necessary ingredient to account for the most fundamental seismic laws.