The normalized Laplacian spectra of subdivision vertex-edge neighbourhood vertex(edge)-corona for graphs

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce two new graph operations, namely, the subdivision vertex-edge neighbourhood vertex-corona and the subdivision vertex-edge neighbourhood edge-corona on graphs $G_1$, $G_2$ and $G_3$, and the resulting graphs are denoted by $G_1^S\bowtie (G_2^V\cup G_3^E)$ and $G_1^S\diamondsuit(G_2^V\cup G_3^E)$, respectively. Whereafter, the normalized Laplacian spectra of $G_1^S\bowtie (G_2^V\cup G_3^E)$ and $G_1^S\diamondsuit(G_2^V\cup G_3^E)$ are respectively determined in terms of the corresponding normalized Laplacian spectra of the connected regular graphs $G_{1}$, $G_{2}$ and $G_{3}$, which extend the corresponding results of [A. Das, P. Panigrahi, Linear Multil. Algebra, 2017, 65(5): 962-972]. As applications, these results enable us to construct infinitely many pairs of normalized Laplacian cospectral graphs. Moreover, we also give the number of the spanning trees, the multiplicative degree-Kirchhoff index and Kemeny's constant of $G_1^S\bowtie (G_2^V\cup G_3^E)$ (resp. $G_1^S\diamondsuit(G_2^V\cup G_3^E)$).