Regions of multistationarity in cascades of Goldbeter-Koshland loops

Abstract

We consider cascades of enzymatic Goldbeter-Koshland loops with any number n of layers, for which there exist two layers involving the same phosphatase. Even if the number of variables and the number of conservation laws grow linearly with n, we find explicit regions in reaction rate constant and total conservation constant space for which the associated mass-action kinetics dynamical system is multistationary. Our computations are based on the theoretical results of our companion paper in arXiv:1807.05157, which are inspired by results in real algebraic geometry by Bihan, Santos and Spaenlehauer.