Entanglement harvesting from multiple massless scalar fields and divergences in Unruh-DeWitt detector models

Abstract

We analyze scenarios in which pairs of Unruh-DeWitt-like detectors interact with scalar field(s) with bi-linear and quadratic coupling. For all cases -- real scalar fields, charged scalar fields, and even for couplings mixing two different scalar fields -- we find that the detectors' dynamics depends on the Wightman function of a real scalar field with the same functional form up to a constant multiple. Consequently, entanglement harvesting exhibits low sensitivity to either the kind of scalar field or their charged nature. Furthermore, we show on general grounds that pairs of Unruh-DeWitt-like detectors exhibit persistent divergences when they interact with scalar field(s) with a quadratic or bi-linear coupling and discuss possible avenues to improve the models through the regularization of such divergences.