Entangling Distant Spin qubits via a Magnetic Domain Wall

Abstract

The scalability of quantum networks based on solid-state spin qubits is hampered by the short range of natural spin-spin interactions. Here, we propose a scheme to entangle distant spin qubits via the soft modes of an antiferromagnetic domain wall (DW). As spin qubits, we focus on quantum impurities (QI's) placed in the vicinity of an insulating antiferromagnetic thin film. The low-energy modes harbored by the DW are embedded in the antiferromagnetic bulk, whose intrinsic spin-wave dynamics have a gap that can exceed the THz range. By setting the QI frequency and the temperature well within the bulk gap, we focus on the dipolar interaction between the QI and two soft modes localized at the DW. One is a string-like mode associated with transverse displacements of the DW position, while the dynamics of the other, corresponding to planar rotations of the Neel order parameter, constitute a spin superfluid. By choosing the geometry in which the QI does not couple to the string mode, we use an external magnetic field to control the gap of the spin superfluid and the qubit-qubit coupling it engenders. We suggest that a tunable micron-range coherent coupling between qubits can be established using common antiferromagnetic materials.